DEDICATED TEAM OF
RESEARCH
SCIENTISTS
QUALITY
TESTING
MODERN LABORATORY
SUPER LQ
FORMULA
A SUPERIOR PRODUCT
TO ACHIEVE
YOUR
PENIS ENLARGEMENT
GOALS
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THE ANATOMY
OF THE PENIS
The anatomy of
the penis is made up of three separate cylinders. The two paired cylinders
called the corpora cavernosa make up the majority of the bulk and the erectile
functioning of the penis. Both these cylinders actually communicate with each
other for approximately three-quarters of their length through small holes
between the cylinders. As the penis approaches the body, these two cylinders
split and are anchored to the pelvic bone by a tough membrane. Each of these
cylinders is encased in a very tough thick sheath called the tunica albuginea. A
tough thick membrane surrounds the penis so that when it is filled with blood
under pressure it creates a firm structure that allows penetration. The third
cylinder of the penis is called the corpus spongiosum, and it contains the
urethra. The tissue around this erectile body is much thinner, and the cylinder
actually sits in a groove created by the other two cylinders. As this structure
approaches the end of the penis, it becomes swollen and is known as the glans,
or the head of the penis. As this layer gets closer to the body, it expands to
form the bulb. Covering all three of these cylinders is a thick tough membrane
called Buck's fascia. Finally, a final layer covers this area called Colles
fascia, or the superficial layer. This is actually continuous with the abdominal
wall and makes this whole supporting structure of the penis very tough, allowing
it to take quite a bit of force and trauma.
The skin
covering the penis is extremely mobile and expandable. This is necessary to
allow an erection to take place. The skin of the penis is unique in this
property, and it is controlled by the hormonal system. The head of the penis, or
the glans, is an anatomically distinct structure covered by a foreskin. This is
a double layer of penile skin that is very freely moveable. The body of the
penis is anchored to the pubic bone, and a thickening of the rectus muscle
anchors the top of the penis. The rectus muscles, are the muscles in the middle
of the abdominal wall. This thickened layer, called the fundiform ligament,
extends off the rectus muscle to anchor the penis. When this ligament is cut, as
in so-called penis-lengthening operations, the penis may appear longer although
it simply hangs lower from the body because it is disattached.
Blood
Supply
The
blood supply of the penis comes from a main blood vessel that goes down the back
of the body called the aorta. The aorta then branches to an internal and
external iliac artery, and finally a pudendal artery passes underneath the
pelvic bone and terminates in the common penile artery. When sitting and
especially when riding a bicycle, a man can cut off blood circulation to this
common penile artery. When this artery is damaged, arterial insufficiency and
subsequent erectile dysfunction occur. A cavernosal artery supplies blood into
each of the erectile bodies of the penis.The blood supply to the glans, or head,
of the penis is part of a separate system. It is for this reason that men can
achieve an erection without swollen glans, such as in conditions known as
priapism.
The underlying mechanism of an erection is the corporo-veno-occlusive mechanism.
When the veins cannot become compressed or blocked, an erection cannot be
maintained. Without this very sensitive mechanism, blood leaks prematurely from
the penis and produces the loss of an erection. This type of erectile
dysfunction is called a venous leak.
Nervous
System
The
nervous system of the penis is involved with both the creation and maintenance
of an erection as well as an ejaculation. The most numerous sensory nerves are
located on the head, or glans, of the penis. To achieve an erection it takes
multiple input from numerous areas of both the brain and the spinal cord. The
first part of a
penile erection is controlled by the brain, known as a
psychogenic erection. This occurs under any type of mental or erotic
stimulation. Penile erections can also be caused by friction of the skin of the
penis alone. This is known as a reflexogenic erection, which commonly occurs
among men who have had damage to the spinal cord and who are unable to get an
erection unless physically stimulated.
Sperm
The scrotum is a unique structure
with very thin, loose skin that is slightly hair bearing. It is also controlled
by the endocrine system and functions as a receptacle for the testes. Keeping
the testicles outside the body produces a cooler environment and thus provides
the best area for the creation of sperm to take place. Warmth tends to prevent
sperm from developing properly. Underlying the skin of the scrotum is the
cremasteric muscle. This muscle is incorporated into the scrotum and by
contracting, it elevates the testicles. This is done in response to cool and
warm weather and noxious or painful stimuli.The testicles are roughly the size
of a small egg. They are responsible for the development of sperm as well as the
manufacture of the hormone testosterone. Behind the testicles sits the
epididymis, a single coiled tube that is the site of sperm maturation and
storage. The end of the epididymis results in a thick muscular tube, called the
vas deferens, which carries sperm from the epididymis to the prostate to be
ejaculated. The vas deferens is the most common site of sterility operations, or
vasectomy. The sperm is carried in the vas deferens to two structures that sit
behind the prostate. These structures are called the seminal vesicles, glands
roughly 2 inches in length that form a secretion which nourishes the sperm and
which attach to the prostate as well. The prostate sits at the base of the
bladder and creates a fluid that allows the nourishment and activation of sperm.
The primary purpose of both the seminal vesicles and the prostate is to provide
nourishment and a place for sperm to live before ejaculation. In fact, the
majority of the ejaculate is composed of fluid from both these glands. A very
small component, usually less than 5 percent, is actually spermatozoa, which is
why the amount of ejaculate remains relatively unchanged after a vasectomy. The
prostate secretes the majority of the fluid. Two small glands sit just outside
the diaphragm of the urogenital diaphragm, or the thick area that anchors the
penis to the pubic bone. These structures, called the bulbourethral glands,
produce a very small amount of clear fluid. This is the clear fluid that we see
just prior to ejaculation. It may also
contain very small amounts of
spermatozoa as well.
Copyright 1998 NTC/Contemporary Publishing Group.
From The Impotence Sourcebook, by arrangement with The RGA Publishing
Group.
Penis Anatomy and
Glossary
The penis contains three major
chambers which fill with blood during an erection. These are the Corpora
Cavernosa, of which the penis contains two, and the Corpus Spongiosum.
As
the expansion of these chambers puts pressure on the tunica albuginea and the
blood is trapped in the corpora cavernosa, the penis becomes erect.
The
corpus spongiosum also fills with blood, but to a lesser extent than the corpora
cavernosa. This is to protect the fragile tissues of the urethra, and permit
ejaculation.
The capacity of the corpora cavernosa is the important
factor that determines the size of an erect penis. The penis can only become as
large as the chambers can allow for, as the erection is dependant on the size of
these when fully dilated.
Most penis enlargement methods other than
surgery aim to increase the capacity of these chambers, to allow more blood into
the penis during erection.
Corona: The 'crown,' a ridge of flesh
demarcating where the head of the penis and the shaft join.
Corpa
Cavernosa: The corpora cavernosa are the two spongy bodies of erectile tissue on
either side of the penis which become engorged with blood from arteries in the
penis, thus causing erection.
Corpus Spongiosum: The spongy tissue
surrounding the urethra. This tissue expends to protect the urethra when filled
with blood, but to a lesser extent than the corpora cavernosa.
Cowper's
Glands: The Cowper's glands secrete a small amount of pre-ejaculate fluid prior
to orgasm. This fluid neutralizes the acidity within the urethra
itself.
Dorsal Side: The top or upper side of the
penis.
Ejaculatory Ducts: The path through the seminal glands which semen
travels during ejaculation.
Epididymis: The epididymis is a 'holding pen'
where sperm produced by the seminiferous tubules mature. The sperm wait here
until ejaculation or nocturnal emission.
Foreskin, Prepuce: A roll of
skin which covers the head of the penis in uncircumsized men.
Frenulum,
Frenum: A thin strip of flesh on the underside of the penis that connects the
shaft to the head.
Glans: The glans is visible in the illustration as the
head of the penis. The glans in uncircumcised men is usually covered by the
prepuce. The glans is highly sensitive, as is the corona, the ridge of flesh
that connects the glans to the shaft of the penis.
Head: Also known as
the glans, this is the bulbous tip of the penis.
Meatus: The opening at
the tip of the penis to allow the passage of both urine and
semen.
Perineum: The area between the scrotum and anus.
Prostate
Gland: Produces a fluid that makes up the semen. The prostate gland also
squeezes shut the urethral duct to the bladder, thus preventing urine from
mixing with the semen and disturbing the pH balance required by
sperm.
Pubococcygeus Muscle: Also known as the PC or pelvic floor muscle,
necessary to control urination and ejaculation.
Raphe: Visible ridge
running from the meatus to the perineum across the scrotum, formed during fetus
development and gender assignation.
Scrotum: The scrotum is a sac that
hangs behind and below the penis, and contains the testes, the male sexual
glands. The scrotum's primary function is to maintain the testes at
approximately 34 C, the temperature at which the testes most effectively produce
sperm.
Semen: Fluid produced during ejaculation, made up of 2-5% sperm.
The main bulk of semen is seminal plasma, with large concentrations of Zinc, and
amines that protect the sperm from the acidic environment of the
vagina.
Seminal Vesicles: The seminal vesicles produce semen, a fluid
that activates and protects the sperm after it has left the penis during
ejaculation.
Shaft: The main length of the penis made up of the corpora
cavernosa, corpus spongisum, urethra, cavernosal artery and dorsal vein and
artery.
Smegma: A substance with the texture of cheese made up from oils
secreted by glands on each side of the frenulum, combined with skin cells, and
moisture. This usually only occurs in uncircumcised men.
Testes,
testicles: The male sexual glands, the two testes within the scrotum produce
sperm and testosterone. Within each testis is a kilometer of ducts called the
seminiferous tubules, the organs which generate sperm. Each testicle produces
nearly 150 million sperm every 24 hours.
Urethra: Passageway of
the penis, carrying urine from the bladder and semen from the testes to the tip
of the penis.
Vas Deferens: The ducts leading from the epididymis to the
seminal vesicles. These are the ducts that are cut during the procedure known as
vasectomy.
Ventral Side: The bottom, or underside of the
penis.
PENIS SIZE
Here are the statistics on erect
penis lengths by The Alfred C. Kinsey Institute for Sex Research (from the point
where the penis meets the body along the top to its tip):
The average penis length is 6.16
inches. The average girth is 4.84 inches.
How does erection
occur?
Erection begins with sexual
stimulation. Sexual stimulation can be tactile (for example, by touching the
penis), or mental (for example, by having sexual fantasies). Sexual stimulation
generates electrical impulses along the nerves going to the penis and causes the
nerves to release nitric oxide, which in turn increases the production of cyclic
GMP (cGMP) in the smooth muscle cells of the corpora cavernosa. The cGMP causes
the smooth muscles of the corpora cavernosa to relax, and allow rapid blood flow
into the penis. The in-coming blood fills the corpora cavernosa, making the
penis expand.
How is erection
sustained?
The
pressure from the expanding penis compresses the veins (blood vessels that drain
the blood out of the penis) in the tunica albuginea, helping to trap the blood
in the corpora cavernosa, thereby sustaining erection. Erection is reversed when
cGMP levels in the corpora cavernosa fall, causing the smooth muscles of the
corpora cavernosa to contract, stopping the inflow of blood and opening veins
that drain blood away from the penis. The levels of the cGMP in the corpora
cavernosa fall because it is destroyed by an enzyme called phosphodiesterase
type 5 (PDE5)
What is erectile
dysfunction?
Erectile dysfunction (ED), also known
as impotence, is the inability to achieve or sustain an erection for
satisfactory sexual activity. Erectile dysfunction is different from other
conditions that interfere with sexual intercourse, such as lack of sexual desire
and problems with ejaculation and orgasm. This article focuses on the evaluation
and treatment of erectile dysfunction.
How common is erectile
dysfunction?
Erectile dysfunction (ED, impotence)
varies in severity; some men have a total inability to achieve an erection,
others have an inconsistent ability to achieve an erection, and still others can
sustain only brief erections. The variations in severity of erectile dysfunction
make estimating its frequency difficult. Many men also are reluctant to
discuss erectile dysfunction with their doctors, and thus the condition is
under-diagnosed. Nevertheless, experts have estimated that erectile dysfunction
affects 30 million men in the Untied States.
While erectile dysfunction
can occur at any age, it is uncommon among young men and more common in the
elderly. By age 45, most men have experienced erectile dysfunction at least some
of the time. According to the Massachusetts Male Aging Study, complete impotence
increases from 5% among men 40 years of age to 15% among men 70 years
and older. Population studies conducted in the Netherlands found that some
degree of erectile dysfunction occurred in 20% of men between ages 50 to 54, and
in 50% of men between ages 70 to 78. In 1999, the National Ambulatory Medical
Care Survey counted 1,520,000 doctor-office visits for erectile dysfunction.
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